Personal Website of Sohail Ahmed

Welcome! This space is for folks preparing for the ASCP – MLS/MT/CLS exams.

Thank you to the foreign visitors to my page (108 international locations and counting). I took the ASCP exam but the ASCPi is the international equivalent of the same exam. The competencies tested are the same.

If you have any questions, comments or suggestions, they are always welcome and appreciated. Your email will not be displayed.

        MORE UPDATES!____

Hemoglobin electrophoresis for the ASCP exam. The last 12 slides are 6 questions (to test your knowledge) and 6 answers (to cement your understanding) for the exam. Take a look and let me know what you think.

A chart of common ABO discrepancies encountered in blood bank. You are now fully covered for absolutely any ABO discrepancy questions thrown your way by ASCP!

How to Solve an Antibody Panel now posted under Blood Bank

Gram Negative Diplococci chart updated

Obligate Anaerobes chart updated

Random Cartoon Questions
micropic whatami

1,396 Responses to Personal Website of Sohail Ahmed

  1. Freshnelalcoy's avatar Freshnelalcoy says:

    When is your exam jamaica

  2. Nina's avatar Nina says:

    I’m so nervous to take the exam again I failed the exam awhile back and have procrastinated for so long. Trying to get back into studying and registering to take it again…thank you guys for all the support could use all the help I can get!!!

    • wordsology's avatar wordsology says:

      You will do great! Be sure to take a look through the “Exam Recalls” section for some of the latest questions that appeared on recent exams!

      • Papi's avatar Papi says:

        @wordsology, is AMT, America medical technologist a recognized certification body for MLS? Can a certified scientist under this body secure employment in the United States easily. I will like to have an answer to this. Thanks

      • Nina's avatar Nina says:

        Thanks for the support and for this website!

      • Elguru's avatar Elguru says:

        Thanks Sohail Ahmed for creating this website,your the best.Their should be more people like you.I took the test more than once…I thought it was the end of the world,but wasn’t.For the future Scientist,Just sacrifice who you’re now,to who you want be in the future.Dont give up,and give it all…is all about effort.

      • wordsology's avatar wordsology says:

        Congratulations Elguru. Thank you for the kind words.

    • Fatima's avatar Fatima says:

      Excellent post card

      • Ginger's avatar Ginger says:

        I have to say thank you as well!! I finally passed my MLS on the 3rd try! Don’t give up! I was so tired of studying, but thanks to God first and this website second, I PASSED. So grateful for wordsology and the time put into this website to help people. I cannot thank you enough.

      • wordsology's avatar wordsology says:

        Those words are way too kind. It’s your hard work and perseverance that really paid off. Congratulations!

  3. Freshnelalcoy's avatar Freshnelalcoy says:

    I’m going to take exam this Friday…pray for me

  4. Andrea's avatar Andrea says:

    I am taking my exam on Tuesday for the 2nd time. I’m so nervous I just want to pass. Any last minute tips would be greatly appreciated. Thanks

    • Teresa's avatar Teresa says:

      IM TRYING TO TAKE MINES IN AUGUST….I FAILED THE FIRST ONE BACK IN DEC. IM PRAYING FOR YOU. JUST FOCUS AND GET RST. YOU GOT THIS!!!!!

  5. Freshnelalcoy's avatar Freshnelalcoy says:

    Agggggghhhhhh passsedddd the exam….this afternoon, tomorrow i post the recall of my exam

  6. kioski's avatar kioski says:

    Congratulations! May I know if your recalls are the same as the others? I’m taking my test in two days. Every help is much appreciated. Thanks.. T____T

  7. Angela's avatar Angela says:

    Congratulations Freshnelalcoy !! I’m so happy for you GOD bless you and good luck

  8. Diana's avatar Diana says:

    hi, I passed my exams last Friday. thanks a lot to this website. I took time to go through all the recalls and I must say it was worth it. saw a lot of the recall questions in my exams. I also used LabCe, BOC book, clinical lab science review book( yellow and purple book) and the one by Elsevier’s and Harr. here are my recall questions. good luck to all those going to sit for the exams. please study and prepare well.
    BLOOD BANK
    ABO compatibility with blood groups-very important
    Blood product that has highest capability of transmitting hepatitis
    Temperatures for storage of blood products, how long, ABO compatibility and condition or reason for transfusing product
    Platelet temperature and PH- temperature of blood before processing( room temp).
    OR schedule- how many units to prepare given blood group and antibody of patient
    Kell frequency- 91% negative for antigen
    Antigens of ABO system: Le with no Se( Lea+b-), Le with Se ( Lea-b+).
    ABO discrepancy- subgroups of A, anti-A1 lectin
    Cold antibodies and warm antibodies
    Mixed field reactions- check transfusion history first
    Controls for D-testing , Du test and AB+ control
    Weak D- Missing epitopes, position effect.

    IMMUNOLOGY
    T-cell, B-cell lymphomas
    IgG and IgM- which rises first
    Hep A graph: antigen in stool-IgM-IgG
    IgE- basophils and mast cells
    Classic and alternate pathway complements
    RA- IgM produced, autoantibodies to the Fc portion of IgG
    FTA, RPR,VDRL, which is for testing reinfection, late stage and early stage
    Treponemal antibody agglutination
    Infectious mono- reactive lymphs and monocytes
    Hepatitis- antigens and antibodies tested for each stage

    HEMATOLOGY
    Transferring- TIBC
    Child swallowed naphthalene ball- Heinz bodies
    Heinz bodies- DNA
    RBC inclusions and corresponding diseases
    Anemias and what to find in RBC- pictures
    Sources of error like in ESR and Hb
    Stomatocytes- liver disease
    Oxidant drugs, anti-malarial drugs effect on RBC
    Hemoglobin electrophoresis- cellulose acetate-C S F A and the Hb it migrates with
    Hemoglobinopathies- sickle cell solubility test and sources of error
    Thalassemia- alpha- Barts and HbH
    Beta- cooley’s anemia
    Myelodysplastic syndrome- essential thrombocytemia( increase in PLT, splenomegaly).

    COAGULATION
    Mixing studies
    PT & Aptt Factors
    Protein C- how aspirin affects test( prolonged, increased or unaffected)
    Platelet aggregation_ graph for ADP, epinephrine and collagen
    Both PT and Aptt prolonged and then corrected

    URINALYSIS
    Bilirubin crystals- liver disease
    Eosinphils in urine- interstitial nephritis
    Monosodium urate- highly birefringent
    HCG- pregnancy
    Creatnine clearance- (UV/P)*(1.73/A)
    Rhabdomyolysis- myoglobin

    CHEMISTRY
    Glucose levels-nomal and abnormal
    ADH- increase water absorption
    Iron test
    Liver enzymes; hepatobiliary- ALP, GGT, 5NT
    Hepatocellular- ALT AST
    CK, troponin- MI
    Amylase and lipase- pancreatitis, source of error
    Solution/buffer for most ISE methods
    Blood gases
    Bilirubin – conjugated and unconjugated, urobilinogen
    Hemolytic, hepatic, biliary obstruction
    Immunosuppressant- tacrolimus- use whole blood
    Azotemia- increase in BUN
    TSH
    Pheochromocytoma- VMA
    K ISE- valinomycin

    MICROBIOLOGY
    Anaerobes- chopped meat agar( iron and glycerol)
    Micrococcus- resistant to furazilidone
    Aeromonas- A/A, oxidase+
    Acinetobacter- wounds
    Erysipelothrix- H2S+, catalase+
    Veillonella(g- cocci) and peptostreptoccus( gram+ cocci) – anaerobes causing jaw abscess
    Picture of agar with chromoblastomycosis
    Picture of blastomyces dermatitis
    Geotrichum- arthroconidia
    K. Pneumoniae and K. Oxytoca( indole+)
    How to transport viruses after 96 hrs
    Malasezzia furfur- oil
    Zygomycota- sporangium

    • wordsology's avatar wordsology says:

      Thanks very much Diana. This is an excellent review and great advice for people taking the exam. Congratulations on passing!

      • Diana's avatar Diana says:

        Thanks a lot

      • ezeEzeze's avatar ezeEzeze says:

        I feel extremely discouraged today and have this feeling that I may never pass this exam. I failed it the 3rd time today, I got a 385 score the last time and thought that I definitely had it this time. I have been using lab ce and have scored 52 on level 5.12 difficulty, that’s been my highest. I have used Polanski cards religiously, I don’t know what to do! Sohail, thank you for this website! I have been using it too, I don’t really know what to do next.

      • wordsology's avatar wordsology says:

        I am sorry to hear this. It’s naturally to feel discouraged – but don’t BE discouraged! You most certainly can pass the exam by tweaking your strategy a bit. It’s extremely important to address the areas of weakness and the feedback from the ASCP exam provides that. You want to aim for higher scores on labce and study in such a way as to guarantee passing next time. It’s definitely possible to do so. What is your weakest area? Address this weakness by going through the “Harr” question book. This book is really a programmed approach to learning. You will be asked questions – topic by topic (and subtopic) – such that you will address every single possibility that you may see on the exam! This book is a TEST KILLER! You’ll absolutely pass the exam if you work with the right strategy. But first, take some time off from studying to relax. I know that’s very difficult to do but it’s important to decompress a bit.

    • San's avatar San says:

      Thank you..
      Good Luck…

  9. Ryan's avatar Ryan says:

    I would like to thanks for all the support and guidance that are posted on this website, I passed the test today, I failed twice and was very frustrated to take it again and again and was desperate to get over it. Finally, I did it. I am really happy, all the recalls and High yield notes are really helpful, I would definitely say to use this webpage wisely as a educational guideline for test takers.

  10. San's avatar San says:

    Acid-fast bacilli, potassium permanganate is used as:
    a. Quenching agent
    b. Mordant
    c. Dye
    d. Decolorizing agent

    I need to know answer please call me.. Thank you

  11. San's avatar San says:

    1)8 yr old px has osmolality of 297, metabolic acidosis, increase glucose
    a. lead poisoning
    b. ethyl glyco
    c. salicylate

    2) Positive blood rgt strip and negative RBCs in microscopic exam
    a. outdated SG strip
    b. Ascorbic acid
    c. diluted alkaline urine
    d. preoteinemia

    3)severe normochromic normocytic anemia, normal WBC and platelet hast 0.1% retic count
    a. red cell aplasia
    b. fanconis anemia
    c. aplastic anemia

    Please Help me.. I need to know those question answer.

  12. Hiwi's avatar Hiwi says:

    Am Happy ……….. 😀😀😀😀😀😀😀😀 thanks God Pass ……..

  13. Arinola's avatar Arinola says:

    Congratulations,please recalls.

  14. Cathy's avatar Cathy says:

    thank you guys for all your comments

  15. yessica's avatar yessica says:

    taking the exam next week for the second time 😦 what should i do this last week? i have read everything and done some questions from Harr and lab ce. not sure if i should just do questions or review the polansky cards ???

  16. Ama's avatar Ama says:

    Hi. Where can i find the micro charts??

  17. erica's avatar erica says:

    any new recalls.thank you

  18. San's avatar San says:

    I pass the exam.
    Thanks Sohail Ahmed create a wonderful web.
    God bless you
    Thank you again..

  19. mona's avatar mona says:

    congrats to all those who passed plz share recalls . guys for lab operations part of exam it 10% how can I study for that ?

  20. cs:go's avatar cs:go says:

    Your knowledge is amazingly helpful

  21. yessica's avatar yessica says:

    thank you for your charts and notes……took the test for the second time and pass :). the FIRST time i took the test i used Harr, success, boc and labce, my test practice scored was about 50% with level 4-5. i tried memorizing everything and took about 4 months to study i mainly focus on the 4 main subjects. i think my biggest mistake was not taking the time to re-read everything after 4 months i had forgotten some stuff i had study at the beginning. for my SECOND time I decided to stop trying to memorized everything as i was reading. i used the success book and read every chapter not trying to memorized everything but just reading and. once i was done with the book i read it a second time the major chapter like hem, chem, bacteria and bb. the second reading i tried to pay more attention to little details since i felt like i knew the bigger picture. for the last 2 weeks before the test i took one week to study the Polanski cards they really do help. i took about a day for each subject and took 100 question exam after reading the cards. READ READ AND READ these cards. for the last week i did only questions on lance, i did test and subject questions( every subject). i took a test every day and went over the questions that i had guess and the ones i got wrong. my scored for the test started at 53% level 5 by the end of the week i was at 59 with level 6.2 and on subject i had over 75 on most of them except for bacteria which is my hardest subject.

    my best advice if you don’t have much time is to read the polanski cards and practice some questions. the charts and notes from this website are amazing definitely study them they will help you answer many questions. review lab operations i had few questions on general stuff.

    once again thank you for this website is amazing these notes really help.

  22. Elizabeth's avatar Elizabeth says:

    I just took my exam and passed, I used this site a lot to prepare and it is possibly the best thing you could do for yourself before taking your exam. I had multiple questions on my exam that were posted here; salicylate poisoning, GNR differentiation, the potassium permanganate thing (I put it quenches the background fluorescence). I was almost sad to not get the moth balls question. More that I can remember: Lead poisoning if it needs whole blood, A/A, Ox POS (Aeromonas I think), what to check for in Procainamide toxicity (NAPA), McLeod syndrome mutation (got this one wrong on test b/c I knew it was the Kel system but didn’t know the gene but it’s XK gene). Sorry I can’t remember more but it was a hard exam, I definitely 100% felt like I was going to fail especially with my last question, the McLeod question…who would even know that, that’s in maybe none of the resources I used but whatever I passed.

    More generally speaking, KNOW ABO/BLOOD BANK DISCREPANCIES and what to do when controls for things are invalid or how to know if they are invalid. I had one question about PT/aPTT times and the only answerers were about fixing something even though at first nothing looked wrong to me…well then I noticed the aPTT controls had poor precision which is not good so that lead me toward fixing that side of the instrument. A lot of questions about Cord blood, and when to give mom Rhogm or not, if this patient needs to be eluted (Had complement on DAT so no, there’s no point) and the only panel I got asked me for the properties of the antibody; not what it was but what about it which is interesting. So it is good to not just know the information one way ie regurgitate it but really understand why that’s the correct answer because the ASCP will ask you the same question 5 different ways (They actually asked me the same question twice about agglutination with completely different answer sets but same image) and you might only get one correct if that’s the only way you understand the material.

    Thanks so much for this site, it really saved my life here and I hope it continues to do so for future scientists everywhere!

    • erica's avatar erica says:

      hi Elizabeth, congratulations! just want to ask what is the salicylate poisoining questions and the GNR differentiation? I’m going to take my exams soon.please help me with some recalls.thanks and god bless..erica

  23. Janice's avatar Janice says:

    I took the exam today…and passed!!!!! I just wanted to thank you for taking the time and putting this information together. It helped to ease my fears. I apologize, but I cannot remember specifics on questions. I took your advice and guessed B when I had no clue on an answer, unless I could rule out B. The questions either seemed extremely hard or ridiculously easy. I had none in between.

  24. mic's avatar mic says:

    I passed the ASCPi exam last week. thank you for all the recalls and advice’s! Most of the questions in my exam are Microbiology, I had 5-8 blood bank questions. 1 panel.
    I used polansky and my notes from my university. Thank you so much! email me if you want some notes yoomirae.cls@gmail.com
    thank you once again!

  25. Lisa's avatar Lisa says:

    I have failed the exam twice I’m getting discouraged, any helpful tips?
    I have the success book, the Harr book the polasky cards, the bottom line approach book plus LABCE am I over doing it? Any study tips, would be greatly appreciated.

  26. Lisa's avatar Lisa says:

    Any study tips recommended? Failed twice don’t want to fail a third time

  27. Paralumannn's avatar Paralumannn says:

    I just wanted to thank wordsology and all of you guys. This blog had been very helpful. I found out about this website 3 weeks before my exam and I just finished it yesterday and thankfully I passed. I’ll try to compile questions that I can remember as much as I can then I’ll post it here asap (maybe later or tomorrow). Thank you again! God bless

  28. erica's avatar erica says:

    any answers about salicylate questions and GNR differentiation?

    • Elizabeth's avatar Elizabeth says:

      Gram Negative Rod diff aka the enterics and the salicylate question was about what sort of state would you see in the body after poisoning; metabolic acidosis/alkalosis or whatnot. Should be in your resources somewhere, I believe it was in the bottom line approach.

  29. Paralumannn's avatar Paralumannn says:

    Hi everyone! (ASCPi exam 6-30-16). I am really grateful for this site and I would love to help with the recalls, here are some of my exam. Some are not really detailed/exact but I hope it can still help. (most of it were really situational especially blood bank questions)
    **SURE POINTS: Heinz bodies (there were two questions with the exact picture in my exam, I answered G6PD deficiency and anti-malarial drug (now this might be a bit confusing bec the one I had have hypersegmentation, ovalocytes and tear drop cell; focus on the HEINZ BODIES!)
    Klebsiella oxytoca (indole + as compared to K. pneumonia which is -) I also recommend Sohail’s notes on Enterobacteriaceae (GNB; all of the high yield notes really, they were all very helpful! memorize them if you can)
    Alnernaria microscopic picture
    Alkaline ph (9.4) I chose Paget’s disease bec of ALP.
    Virus transported for 92 hours or something = Lyophilized (I’ve read this recall here, thank you so much!)
    Olive oil = Malassezia furfur
    CK (normal), cT (elevated) = Acute myocardial infarction (don’t be confused, since troponins increase faster than CK, this findings can be possible). Order of increase/peak: MTCAL (myoglobin, troponin, CK-MB, AST, LDH)
    Bilirubin, Urobilinogen values (what disease association do they inc or dec)
    ALP = obstruction
    Chronic hepatitis = anti-smooth muscle antibody
    Releases heparin/histamine = Basophils/mast cells
    If Se and Le genes are both inherited, what phenotype? = Le(a-b+)
    Pheochromocytoma = test for METANEPHRINE
    Urinalysis results increase RBC (also strongly positive in strip) BUT neg in almost all of it = glomerulonephritis
    Another one is almost all were positive in rgt strip and in microscopy, but the highlight was the presence of waxy cast so I chose= Nephrotic syndrome/dse
    End stage of degeneration (renal failure) = waxy cast
    HgbA1c decrease in = hemolysis (hemolytic anemia)
    Lipoprotein that transport the majority of cholesterol=LDL
    VLDL (endogenous triglycerides); Chylomicrons (exogenous TAG)
    Gram neg cocci present after jaw surgery= Veillonella
    Micrococcus = Resistance to Furazolidone
    Tap water bacillus=Mycobacterium gordonae
    Examination of semen sample, can proceed to sperm count = once the liquefaction is complete
    Alpha thalassemia = Hgb Bart/Major (other choices were hgb D, sickle cell, etc)
    Aeromonas hydrophila =GNB A/A G(+) on TSI, oxidase +
    Procainamide = NAPA
    Main metabolite of cocaine = benzoylecgonine
    Type 1 hypersensitivity stimulated by = IgE
    **Calculations: RhIg, Creatinine Clearance,

    **NOT QUITE SURE: Graph of ECA (Epinephrine, Collagen and ADP), two of them changed from 0 (either inc or dec), the other one is just 0. They will ask you which ones are normal/abnormal
    They wavelength of the spectro was set to 540 but for some reason the staff keeps getting erroneous (higher than the normal) transmittance, what seemed to be the problem? I chose halogen quartz as being the problem
    I’ve read this from some of the recalls posted, about the calculation of potassium? Upon administration of insulin, the glucose decreased, find the value of potassium (given values of insulin and glucose, I don’t know the sol’n, please look for it if you can, I ignored this and then it appeared on my exam, haha tragic)

    **other pointers to study/focus : Ab panel/ID, RhIg computation, ABO discrepancies; Bilirubin, Urobilinogen (Pre-hepatic, Hepatic, Post-hepatic), Acid Base Balance (metabolic/resp-acidosis/alkalosis); Sensitivity(TP)/Specificity(TN); ANA patterns. They were generous with the normal values, so you just have to take note of the abnormal results. Don’t be scared with the long questions or results. Just focused on the abnormal ones and also with pt history.

    **Labce was really helpful, you’ll get used to the type of questions. And you can gauge your knowledge with their adaptive testing. If you don’t have labce, you can always use Harr, and Ciulla! I used these two but more on the Success by Ciulla. If you’re having trouble with blood banking, visit http://www.bbguy.org/ his videos were really simple and easy to understand! And of course wordsology especially the HIGH YIELD NOTES, and also the recall questions posted by everyone (thank you again! Love you guys!) God bless! You can do it too! Study and prayers! \m/

  30. Marivic's avatar Marivic says:

    Is there a limit for you to take California Licensure – ASCP MLS or you can take it as many times as you want until you pass?

  31. Anna's avatar Anna says:

    I just failed the exam 😦 I did everything everyone had suggested except for the Harr book which I already bought for my next try. I didn’t go to school for this and my license is temporary so it’s hard for me to figure out how to study for this (MLS) would anyone know of any one on one tutors available?

    The only questions that were repeats were the mothball question and teardrops, it was as though nothing I studied was asked. I’m bummed but will study harder

    • Failed's avatar Failed says:

      Hi, I failed my ascpi exam yesterday. I used BOC, Labce, and I attended a local review center. I thought I was prepared for it but unfrotantely I didn’t study that much on blood banking. I got around 50% blood bank questions. Seeing “fail” on the screen really hurt. What reading material should I focus on?i would be grateful for advice. Thank you

      • wordsology's avatar wordsology says:

        I’m sorry to hear the news. I would focus on blood banking but be sure to get feedback from ASCP so you can know what subjects to focus on for the next time around.

  32. Nicole's avatar Nicole says:

    Hello everyone! I took my exam yesterday and passed! This website was super helpful, especially the high yield notes for micro and chemistry. I only studied for two weeks after finishing my program and I used the Harr book, Polansky notecards, and LabCE.

    BLOOD BANK
    1.What antigens are found in the saliva of group A, Le(a+b-) individuals? – Le a (other options included A, H, Le b in different combos)
    2. Given a mini panel of antibody reactions. The serum is tested against Group 0 RBCs and cord cells. Reacts with all adult cells, no reaction with cord cells. What antibody? – Anti-I
    3. Given panel of antibody reactions, have to determine which ones are causing the reaction and choose the choice that corresponds to them. – In mine, the antibodies were anti-Le a and Le b, but the answer to the question was ‘Is absorbed from the serum onto red cells.’
    4. I had 2 questions with the same picture, a cold agglutinin picture. The first question asked what disease/infection it was associated with (Mycoplasma pneumoniae) and the second asked what would cause this blood picture (cold reacting antibodies).
    5. Blood comes up positive for HTLV-I/II, what do you do next? – I put repeat the test that was just run. (It said which test in the question, I believe it was EIA, so ‘repeat EIA,’ but I’m not 100% sure. Other options were western blot, etc.)
    6. O neg, Rh pos patient now has a positive DAT. What will their typing results look like now? Includes Rh control. – I chose the answer where everything was negative except the Rh control was positive.
    7. Which antibody degrades upon standing, making it hard to detect? – I didn’t know the answer. I think I chose Lewis. CW was an option and I don’t remember the rest.
    8. Lots of discrepancies, either due to ABO or reagents/technique, but all situational. I don’t know how else to prepare yourself for them other than knowing the basics well and being able to apply them to reason your way through.
    9. Given mother blood type (AB-) and baby type (O+), what do you do next? – Since O blood type is impossible from AB mom, get a new heelstick from baby. Other options were get a sample from father, administer RhIg.
    10. Mixed field reaction observed. What caused it? – I chose transfusion with O cells.
    11. Donor deferral question

    IMMUNO
    1. ANA pattern, asked what antibody would make that pattern.
    2. Patient comes in with mild flu-like symptoms. Given table with IgG and IgM titer values for EBV, CMV and toxoplasma. Have to determine if primary infection with just one or coinfection of EBV, CMV.
    3. Biggest problem with PCR? – I chose contamination with nucleotides.
    4. What HBV disease marker is found in individuals with a past infection? – HbcAb

    MICRO/MYCOLOGY
    1. Aeromonas, based on description of reactions.
    2. Patient comes in with lesions on arm, given description of what is seen in culture. – I guessed, but I’m pretty sure it was Sporothrix schenkii
    3. Blastoconidia – definition. Options included definition of arthroconidia.
    4. Enterobacter, given description of reactions – can’t remember if the species was cloacae or aerogenes, both were options. Other options were K. pneumo and oxytoca.
    5. Following a throat infection, patient is having kidney problems. What bacteria causing it? – S. pyogenes, other strep species as other options.
    6. Patient has walking pneumoniae and is prescribed penicillin. 2 weeks later, still sick. What happened? – Bacteria produces a beta lactamase.
    7. Make a gram stain of CSF at night, how do you store until culture the next day?
    8. Potassium permanganate in auramine-rhodamine stain for Myco. – Quenching agent
    9. Specimen of choice for rotavirus? – Stool
    10. Took a swab sample from a wound and incubated on three different medias (including anaerobic media). Nothing grew. What happened? – Swab material inhibited the sample.
    11. Latex agglutination for S. aureus – Protein A and clumping factor
    12. Given TSI results, what do you report? – The results pointed to Salmonella, so I chose ‘do Salmonella typing’ but another choice was to call the Dr. and immediately report Salmonella type organism. Others were, report normal fecal flora and do Shigella typing.

    HEMATOLOGY
    1. Burr cells blood picture – Uremia
    2. Stomatocytes blood picture – Liver disease
    3. Badly discolored blood picture with very spiky cells. What caused this? – Slide not dry
    4. Retic count 18.3% along with really messed up blood picture. What do you do next? – Heinz body stain (Supravital stain was also an option)
    5. Iatrogenic anemia – due to excessive blood draws.
    6. WBC and platelet count normal. Normocytic, normochromic anemia. RBC count very low and retic % is 0.1. – Pure red cell aplasia. Pretty sure I had never heard of this before the exam, but I figured it out. Other options included aplastic anemia.
    7. HgbA1C values would be decreased in – hemolysis/hemolytic anemia
    8. What is the second, irreversible step in platelet aggregation studies? Or something like that. – I had no idea, guessed change in platelet shape. Upon googling, it seems ‘release of nucleotides’ or something related would be correct.
    9. Know about the reagents used for PT and PTT in the automated coag studies. I had 2 questions where the controls were off (and therefore patient results were off) but you needed to know which reagent to replace.
    10. What cell type is increased in mononucleosis? – Lymphs
    11. What will cause a decreased ESR?
    12. Lupus anticoagulant causes what? – Increased risk of thrombosis
    13. Sample taken from indwelling catheter. Patient isn’t on any anticoagulants yet PTT and TT are way elevated. – Heparin contamination (from catheter)

    CHEMISTRY/UA & BF
    1. In which case is Mg monitored? – Eclampsia. Other options were vomiting and diarrhea.
    2. I had two UA questions where I was given a list of results and had to choose the disease that correlated with them. – Acute tubular necrosis and renal calculi.
    3. 2 or 3 questions on dipstick false positive/negatives. Make sure you know these pretty well. I studied them because other people mentioned it and still had trouble. – Blood and glucose were the two I know for sure were asked about.
    4. Hemolytic anemia/prehepatic issue, choose correct results for unconjugated & conjugated bili, urobilinogen, and urine bilirubin.
    5. Patient taking primidone showing toxicity, but blood levels normal. What do you do next? – Test phenobarbital level.
    6. Sperm count can be done on semen sample when… – Liquefaction is complete
    7. Tumor marker seen in pancreatic cancer – CA 19-9
    8. Cortisol and ACTH levels in adrenal Cushing’s.
    9. Given values for fasting glucose and random glucose. What do you do next to diagnose diabetes? – Both are over diagnostic values, so nothing else needed for diagnosis.
    10. Fasting glucose 120. What’s the diagnosis? – Impaired fasting glucose.
    11. Pheochromocytoma – Metanephrines

    • wordsology's avatar wordsology says:

      Nicole – this review belongs in the hall of fame of comments ever written on any site. I am incredibly grateful to you for helping out your fellow test takers. Congratulations on the quick pass, as well! Thank you again!

  33. Ryan's avatar Ryan says:

    Hey guys,
    this is what I remember so far…my brain is toast, and yours will be too, but it’ll be worth it..

    1. Burr cell – uremia
    2. pyr – know POS and NEG orgs
    3. BE and NaCl – know orgs POS/neg for them (entero, Grp D, Viridans)
    4. KNOW TSI slants blindfolded – if its A/A and gas productio0n wht is it.. entero, serratia, s bovis, grp D strep (my question, I think those were the choices, or close to it)
    5. CAMP test POS and NEG ctrls (agalac and pyog)
    6. 1 ANA – it had things with like 4 colors green yelloow orange and red all over it looked like a f-ing picasso painting so I totally guessed
    7. know the thyroidism chart for inc and dec in TSH, t4 and T3
    8. know PTH effects on Ca+
    9. Know about aldosterone inc and dec and when it happens, (Conns) and effect on Na and K
    10. Cushings is hyperglycemia
    11. PTH and Ca+ relationship
    12. something about perfringens i think
    13. a tough hemoglobin C question
    14. rouleaux is undetectable at what phase
    15. CMV best to do viral culture (i think, but i guesses)
    16. ESRD (1.010 sg and waxy casts predominate)
    17. a couple of thrombin/ antithrombin questions
    18. no VWF
    19. know about heparin contamination and mixing studies and TT/fibrinogen times
    20. HBA1C
    21. rotavirus – stool
    22. HTLV confirmation testing
    23. weak D epitope something
    24. whats wrong with this stain – acidic so change pH
    25. sezary – t cell or congenital t cell (difference)
    26. Amylase – mumps
    27. something about rubella I forgot
    28. enzyme effect on certain Abs (destroy, enhance)
    29. about 4 questions about diabetes ( insipidus, mellitus, the ref ranges for cutoffs for diagnjosing)
    30. Conn’s sydrome Aldo increases
    31. jeikiem quesition about somehing idk
    32. know different between glom nephritis. Pyelonephritis, nephrotic disesase, (conj, unconj, urobili)
    33. had 1 metabolic acidosis question
    34. had the PCR question – denature, anneal, extend
    35. had a hypo hashimoto question about tsh inc
    36. troponin stays in the system longest
    37. 1 syphilis question… just know whats POS and NEG for each of he 3 phases ( the rpr and VDRL)
    38. an aeromonas question where it gives you the rx it was something like oxi POS, and some other rxns
    39. know the TSI slants ( I have a story for common imvic orgs that helps so if you want it let me know)
    40. a really crappy grainy picuture of what looks like rbc agglutination/flocculation/some other crap … that sais what should you do next – I chose heinz body stain (actually got this exact pic twice)
    41. intrinsic resistances to common drugs (kleb amp R, Micrococcus R furosamide, stenotrophomonas Bactrim Res , etc)
    42. a lot of aldosterone related questions (like 5) and diseases associated with them
    43. a couple of coag cascade questions like when to do an F8 assay
    44. when to do PT (warfarin therapy)
    45. TB testing PPD is T-cell mediated type 4 hypersensitivity rxn
    46. know common markers for B and T lymphs (CD 19, 20/ CD 2,3,5,7, 4/8 mature)
    47. if pt and ptt are inc what do you do next (exactly waht do you do next)
    48. a s-load of bilirubin (like 7) know what happens in prehep, hep, post hepatic and nephrotic syndrome, when you would expect to see jaundice associated with what Bilirubin, etc
    49. absolutely no parasitology
    50. no myocology
    51. almost no hematology
    52. no AB/Ag frequencies
    53. know (sensitivity = TP/TP +FN) and those others (SPECificity = TN/TN+TP) (PRECISION = TP/TP+FP)
    54. a bunch of lab ops questions (3 or 4)
    55. no HDL.LDL.VLDL
    56. a couple of tiny screen panels like if you have nothing thru iat in screen cells 1 and 2 except patient sample shows up +/- on iat what do you perform next bla bla bla
    ……..a lot of “what do you perform next questions” related to BB so brush up on panels, DAT, IAT and discrepancies

    I can’t remember everyting else now, maybe tomorrow

  34. manpreet's avatar manpreet says:

    hello anyone have bottom like approach pdf i would really really thankful and any recalls plzz thank u

  35. RMT/ MLS(ASCPi)'s avatar RMT/ MLS(ASCPi) says:

    Hi everyone! i took ASCPi exam last week and thank God I PASSED!! and also thank you for this site, this one is very helpful, promise! especially the recalls from the comments, the EXAM RECALLS and High Yield Notes from this site, for those who are planning to take the exam, please study the charts posted here (High Yield Notes). My other sources for studying are Polansky and Harr, and of course the very most important source is HIM, pray hardest!. If I have time, i’ll post what I can recall from my exam. Thank you again Sohail for this site. God bless us all! 🙂

  36. Val's avatar Val says:

    I graduated two months ago from an MLT program and just passed my ASCP MLT exam (2 hours ago!). Many thanks to you. I am so grateful to you for the time and care you invested in this website. Thank you, thank you, thank you.

  37. ASCP passer 7/25/16's avatar ASCP passer 7/25/16 says:

    I PASSED THE EXAM TODAY. Praise God😇. Thanks also for this site, its really a big help. I’ll be posting the recalls later.

  38. Zulekha's avatar Zulekha says:

    Hi Sohail! I was referred to your site by a classmate and I have to say your notes, as well as the comments section, have really been helpful in giving me more confidence and has made me feel like I’m not alone! I’ll be taking the MLT exam on Aug 15th! I’m actually really passionate about lab science (I want to get into BB), and I’d like to share the little bit knowledge and resources that I have to help others like me. Rather than starting from scratch, I was wondering if there is anyway I can contribute to your site or help to make it better? Anything you were thinking of doing that I can help with?

  39. awlette's avatar awlette says:

    THANKS GOD just passed the exam.yesterday 7/25/2016 at 1030H ! It was like magic and miracle for I started studying just like for a week. Of course with the BIG help of the high yield notes, recalls and polansky!!! Rock and roll to this website.

  40. awlettegekkocatboy's avatar awlettegekkocatboy says:

    PRAISE GOD! I Just passed the exam yesterday 7/25/2016 10:30H. Thanks for this website. I’ll be posting my recalls.

    • awlettegekkocatboy's avatar awlettegekkocatboy says:

      It took me a week to study but just found this website last wednesday, I immediately resched my exam supposedly last july 22. High yield notes in this site was very helpful. Also youtube explanation about leukemias and coagulation (https://youtu.be/UiPP_ccFX3E)(https://youtu.be/XVWOlKdpF_I?list=PLbKSbFnKYVY2vnT84bXC4J96hLYqwQqsc). Just understand and memorize surely you will pass the exam. And read polansky and scan all the exam recalls definitely it will appear. And if you think that your brain is not absorbing everything you’ve read stop and rest first otherwise all will be useless. For the difficult questions i don’t know i answered B. And above all, PRAY HARD and ask for guidance. GOOD LUCK ANG GOD BLESS US.

      RECALLS:
      I remember my first question was what to do in quality assurance planning.
      Controls for ATCC
      BE, 6.5 NaCl, Bacitracin, CAMP
      ANA picture-speckled
      E. rhusopathiae
      Clinitest-blue to orange and back to blue, what should be the reporting
      Heinz bodies- naphthalene
      enzymes muscle disorder
      salicylate- effect on acid base
      anion gap effect on acid base
      osmolality-which is affected from the given chart
      CBC data with low Hb on the fourth wk whats the reason-choices: IDA, lipemia etc.
      Protein electrophoresis
      lyme disease
      PCR its like 3 questions- denature, anneal, extend
      6 antibody panel
      A lot of BB questions specially on ABO discrepancies-35 questions i think
      leukemias-6 questions
      Thalassemias- H Cooleys, Barts etc
      Coagulation studies- mixing studies
      strongyloides stercoralis
      tertiary syphilis- neg RPR pos FTA what to do next?
      alternaria pic and bloat dermititidis
      coccaine-benzoylecgonine
      bromide effect-choices: Na, K, cl
      egg base agar
      Ornithine and citrate positive bacteria
      rosette on maternal fetal test
      HBA1c decreased in HA
      picture of waxy cast
      virulence factor of N. meningitides
      Pheochromocytoma = test for METANEPHRINE
      Olive oil = Malassezia fur fur
      CK (normal), cT (elevated) = Acute myocardial infarction
      Rhogam administration
      Corrected WBC computation
      test the immunity for Rubella- choices: test for IgG,test for IgM, collect after 2 wks for IgG
      CBC-Which blood indices were affected for lipemic samples
      about zygomycetes
      tsi picture
      S progenies
      DIC, more of aplastic anemia,
      chronic anaemia- Fe, Ferritin and TIBC results
      computation on blood frequencies-1 question
      RBC picture-what anaemia
      K. oxytoca indole positive
      teardrop cell
      2 cryoprecipitate question-stability
      biochem reactions- identify which is the cause of error
      stomatocytes
      measurement of LDL and HDL
      effect of caffeine in diazo reaction
      Antibodies reactions on IS,AHG phases
      Hashimoto’s diseases
      Proteus vulgaris
      Rapid test for legionella of brucella – i don’t remember the exact organism
      missing epitopes
      Acinetobacter
      Pre hepatic post hepatic
      cofactors of 300 enzymes
      Acantamoeba-contact lens
      Kanamycin and vancomycin growth for bacteria
      sperm count-after liquefaction
      normal values for sperm analysis- they would ask like decreased or increased etc,
      antibody associated with PCH/PNH
      Fibrinogen/vwf/bernard soldier syndrome
      CLL-what type of cell; B or T lymphocyte?

  41. KB's avatar KB says:

    I just passed my ASCP. This is my 4th time taking the test. I want to thank God 1st,the creator of this site and everyone who submitted recall question more than 50% of my question were questions others mentioned on this site, indeed and BOC book. I took the time and wrote all the recall question down and put then into each category. Study study study. Know the small details. I used labce, Harr review book, bottom line approach, BOC, the Polansky flash card. For microbiology all you need is the height yield note found on this website.
    Thank god I only had 2 panels. I was really worried about blood banking. I would say my exam covered all areas. This is what I remember so far… Good luck everyone.
    1.What bacteria will show positive and negative for the following. Bile esculin, 6.5na, Camp, bacitracin. I choose s.pyogenes, S. Agalactia, enterococcus . Other option has s. Virdian, S. Aureus…

    2. I will bacteria when exposed to light change color m kansasii
    3. Contained tap water m.gonada
    4. Anti body panel that had anti k. How would the panel show specific or sensitivity can’t remember. I choose run enzyme panel not sure is that correct.
    5. Had to calculate LDL
    6. A questions who’s had odd results for glucose, sodium, BUN. What would be affected osmolslity 2na + glucose/20+!bun/3
    7. Double zone bacteria how to confirmation positive reverse CAMP test.
    8. Gram negative anaerobes jaw surgery veillonella
    9. A panel that ha anti d and p1
    10. Waxy cast or fatty cast I think dye suban o oil.
    11. Aeromonas gran negative, bets hemolytic, oxidase positive
    12. N meningitis OPNG negative
    13. Picture of histoplasma, and one about fluid being drained from the lungs.
    14. Picture of aspergillus
    15. Zygomycota sporengium
    16. Malasezzis furfural- oil or olive oil
    17. Auto infection strangyloides
    18. Chromogenic agar I think. It was a picture of a agar one side clear organism had different color sheep blood agar all agate looks the same
    19. K ISE- valinomycin
    20. Person overdose on salicylate decrease ph- I chose metabolic acidosis
    21. ALP ph 9.6- pagers
    22. Cocaine metabolite- benzoylecgonine
    23. Group A pod mother had and miss carriage d neg, weak d beg… Is the patient a candidate for rhig
    24. I have to calculate diagnose for rhig twice. Whole blood divide by 30. Rbc by 15
    25. Hba1s affected by hemolytic anemia
    26. Caffein for diazo rxn why?
    27. Bilirubin- 450nm
    28. Pituitary gland – increased TSH and T4
    29. Increase bilirubin and urobilinogen
    30. Release heparin/ histamine – basophils and mast cells
    31. Cryo store at RT from 2pm pt scheduled to be transfused at 3pm what would you do?
    32. Irradiated blood for pt receiving blood from mother
    33. Positive RPR negative FTA for syphilis -false positive
    34. Pictur of a waxy cast
    35. Alpha thalassemia-hgb Bart and Hgb h
    36. Eosinophils in Urine/ intestinal nephritis
    37. know the difference CML and AML
    38. Questions about multiple myeloma
    39. Increase platelet and wbc
    40. Issoagglutinin of Type O- anti A, anti B, anti AB
    41. Beta and gamma bridge

  42. manpreet's avatar manpreet says:

    does anyne have notes plz would be grateful if email monakaur1989@yahoo.com

  43. Kbrown's avatar Kbrown says:

    I just passed my ASCP. This is my 4th time taking the test. I want to thank God 1st,the creator of this site and everyone who submitted recall question more than 50% of my question were questions others mentioned on this site, indeed and BOC book. I took the time and wrote all the recall question down and put then into each category. Study study study. Know the small details. I used labce, Harr review book, bottom line approach, BOC, the Polansky flash card. For microbiology all you need is the height yield note found on this website.
    Thank god I only had 2 panels. I was really worried about blood banking. I would say my exam covered all areas. This is what I remember so far… Good luck everyone.
    1.What bacteria will show positive and negative for the following. Bile esculin, 6.5na, Camp, bacitracin. I choose s.pyogenes, S. Agalactia, enterococcus . Other option has s. Virdian, S. Aureus…

    2. I will bacteria when exposed to light change color m kansasii
    3. Contained tap water m.gonada
    4. Anti body panel that had anti k. How would the panel show specific or sensitivity can’t remember. I choose run enzyme panel not sure is that correct.
    5. Had to calculate LDL
    6. A questions which had odd results for glucose, sodium, BUN. What would be affected osmolslity 2na + glucose/20+bun/3
    7. Double zone bacteria how to confirmation positive reverse CAMP test.
    8. Gram negative anaerobes jaw surgery veillonella
    9. A panel that ha anti d and p1
    10. Waxy cast or fatty cast I think dye suban o oil.
    11. Aeromonas gran negative, beta hemolytic, oxidase positive
    12. N meningitis OPNG negative
    13. Picture of histoplasma, and one about fluid being drained from the lungs.
    14. Picture of aspergillus
    15. Zygomycota sporengium
    16. Malasezzis furfural- oil or olive oil
    17. Auto infection strangyloides
    18. Chromogenic agar I think. It was a picture of a agar one side clear organism had different color sheep blood agar all agate looks the same
    19. K ISE- valinomycin
    20. Person overdose on salicylate decrease ph- I choose metabolic acidosis
    21. ALP ph 9.6- pagets
    22. Cocaine metabolite- benzoylecgonine
    23. Group A pod mother had and miss carriage d neg, weak d beg… Is the patient a candidate for rhig
    24. I have to calculate diagnose for rhig twice. Whole blood divide by 30. Rbc by 15
    25. Hba1c affected by hemolytic anemia
    26. Caffein for diazo rxn why?
    27. Bilirubin- 450nm
    28. Pituitary gland – increased TSH and T4
    29. Increase bilirubin and urobilinogen
    30. Release heparin/ histamine – basophils and mast cells
    31. Cryo store at RT from 2pm pt scheduled to be transfused at 3pm what would you do?
    32. Irradiated blood for pt receiving blood from mother
    33. Positive RPR negative FTA for syphilis -false positive
    34. Pictur of a waxy cast
    35. Alpha thalassemia-hgb Bart and Hgb h
    36. Eosinophils in Urine/ intestinal nephritis
    37. know the difference CML and AML
    38. Questions about multiple myeloma
    39. Increase platelet and wbc
    40. Issoagglutinin of Type O- anti A, anti B, anti AB
    41. Beta and gamma bridge
    42. HTLV- confirmatory test- western blot

    • wordsology's avatar wordsology says:

      Thank you for this really phenomenal review. I’m so grateful and I’m certain that those who have not taken the exam are as well. Congratulations on the pass!

  44. Joan Cherryl Gavieres's avatar Joan Cherryl Gavieres says:

    Hi everyone,
    Will it be worth attending an exam review seminar?

  45. Sam's avatar Sam says:

    Hi i did my study out of usa .any one tell me abt exam , i m gonna give ascp or ascp i? What should i do ?

  46. Cons's avatar Cons says:

    Just passed my Ascp exam last july 25..i just want to say thank you very much.. Keep up the good work… My advise is try to relax for a day or two before your exam..having a clear mind and relax body is very important… Keep the faith.. Thanks😬✌️

  47. Hana's avatar Hana says:

    I failed for my first try…. i want to take it again how? Can i passed? There’s a lot of questions on ISBB and HEMA Plss help

  48. Annette's avatar Annette says:

    Your page is so helpful. I have had a very disordered preparation for the ASCP M Specialists exam because…organization is always a challenge for me…but I read your suggestions on HOW to approach test prep and it changed my game completely. I am overshooting by even sitting for it, because there is so much I don’t know but I’m enjoying learning more. I really appreciate your page. A student rotating through our lab (in Oregon) told me about your website!
    ANyway, can’t thank you enough!

    • wordsology's avatar wordsology says:

      Thank you for the kind comment. It’s always fascinating to hear of how people get to this site and from where. It’s good to hear that you’re taking the exam even if you don’t feel entirely ready. It’s always worth it because you can learn from your mistakes.

  49. asdfgaill's avatar asdfgaill says:

    Which of the following will 1st to increase after MI?
    LD
    CK-MB
    Myoglobin
    Trop I

    Which of the following parasite cause autoinfection in immunocompromised px?
    S.stercoralis
    N.americanus
    A.lumbricoides
    A.duodenale

    Which of the following causes antibody against TSH?
    SLE
    Hashimoto’s Dse
    RF
    Grave’s Dse

    What RBC inclusion can be seen on blood smear of a child who accidentally ingested moth balls?
    Heinz bodies
    Pappenheimers

    Which of the following causes decrease HbA1c?
    IDA
    Hemolytic Anemia
    Sickle cell

    Which of the following cells releases histamine/heparin?
    Neutrophil, Eosinophil
    Eosinophil, Basophil
    Basophil, Mastcell
    Mastcell, Eosinophil

    Which of the following Mycobacteria we can acquire from tap water?
    M. leprae
    M. gordonae
    M. bovis
    M. tuberculosis

    Which of the following analytes is cofactor for most of 300 enzymes?
    Zinc
    Magnesium
    Calcium
    Potassium

    Which of the following condition is the most common cause of increase anion gap?
    Metabolic alkalosis
    Respiratory alkalosis
    Metabolic acidosis
    Respiratory acidosis

  50. Nicasio Talbo's avatar Nicasio Talbo says:

    Hi… i know its a bit late.. but I just passed the exam last july 14… thanks so much to this site.. it helped a lot.. in studying bad sadly majority of anything here ddnt come out in my exam… not that it ddnt help… in a way it did and for that i thank you so much!! most of my exam questions was about serology… turbidometry… fluorometry.. how they work and the diefferences.. which made me lose hope! but still i moved on.. and alas.. in the end i passed!!.. thanks so much!! if we ever meet… meal is on me!!

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